> Browser Fingerprinting

Cookies aren't the only way sites track you. Your browser leaks a surprising amount of identifying detail just by existing - which GPU you have (via WebGL), tiny timing differences in your CPU (via performance.now()), even the exact order your OS signs network packets. None of it requires a cookie, none of it requires you to be logged in, and clearing your cookies or using a VPN doesn't touch most of it. "I'm not logged in and I cleared my cookies" is not the same thing as "I'm not being tracked" - fingerprinting techniques were specifically built to survive the privacy measures people actually use.